https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45074 7) stratified by stroke type (ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage). Study‐specific unadjusted and adjusted RRs, controlling for confounding variables, were pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale data were recorded in 5326 (96%) of 5570 cases with ischemic stroke and 773 (90%) of 855 participants with intracerebral hemorrhage. The pooled unadjusted female:male RR for severe ischemic stroke was 1.35 (95% CI 1.24–1.46). The sex difference in severity was attenuated after adjustment for age, pre‐stroke dependency, and atrial fibrillation but remained statistically significant (pooled RRadjusted 1.20, 95% CI 1.10–1.30). There was no sex difference in severity for intracerebral hemorrhage (RRcrude 1.08, 95% CI 0.97–1.21; RRadjusted 1.08, 95% CI 0.96–1.20). Conclusions: Although women presented with more severe ischemic stroke than men, much although not all of the difference was explained by pre‐stroke factors. Sex differences could potentially be ameliorated by strategies to improve pre‐stroke health in the elderly, the majority of whom are women. Further research on the potential biological origin of sex differences in stroke severity may also be warranted.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 13:58:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45752 7) and year of stroke. We estimated predictors of case-fatality and functional outcome using Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations using log-binomial models respectively at multiple timepoints. Results: Case-fatality rate was 33% at 1 month, 43% at 1 year, and 47% at 5 years. Poor functional outcome was present in 27% of survivors at 1 month and 15% at 1 year. In multivariable analysis, predictors of death at 1-month were age (per decade increase MRR 1.14 [1.07-1.22]) and SAH severity (MRR 1.87 [1.50-2.33]); at 1 year were age (MRR 1.53 [1.34-1.56]), current smoking (MRR 1.82 [1.20-2.72]) and SAH severity (MRR 3.00 [2.06-4.33]) and; at 5 years were age (MRR 1.63 [1.45-1.84]), current smoking (MRR 2.29 [1.54-3.46]) and severity of SAH (MRR 2.10 [1.44-3.05]). Predictors of poor functional outcome at 1 month were age (per decade increase RR 1.32 [1.11-1.56]) and SAH severity (RR 1.85 [1.06-3.23]), and SAH severity (RR 7.09 [3.17-15.85]) at 1 year. Conclusion: Although age is a non-modifiable risk factor for poor outcomes after SAH, however, severity of SAH and smoking are potential targets to improve the outcomes.]]> Wed 13 Mar 2024 08:50:47 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54206 Tue 13 Feb 2024 11:43:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46624 unadjusted 1 year, -0.147; 95% CI, -0.258 to -0.036; 5 years, -0.090; 95% CI, -0.119 to -0.062). After adjustment for age, stroke severity, prestroke dependency, and depression, these pooled median differences were attenuated, more greatly at 1 year (-0.067; 95% CI, -0.111 to -0.022) than at 5 years (-0.085; 95% CI, -0.135 to -0.034). Conclusions: Women consistently exhibited poorer HRQoL after stroke than men. This was partly attributable to women's advanced age, more severe strokes, prestroke dependency, and poststroke depression, suggesting targets to reduce the differences. There was some evidence of residual differences in HRQoL between sexes but they were small and unlikely to be clinically significant.]]> Mon 28 Nov 2022 11:32:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41725 2 or Barthel Index score <20) at 1 year (10 studies, n = 4,852) and 5 years (7 studies, n = 2,226). Multivariable linear regression was used to compare the mean difference (MD) in participation restriction by use of the London Handicap Scale (range 0-100 with lower scores indicating poorer outcome) for women compared to men at 5 years (2 studies, n = 617). For each outcome, study-specific estimates adjusted for confounding factors (e.g., sociodemographics, stroke-related factors) were combined with the use of random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In unadjusted analyses, women experienced worse functional outcomes after stroke than men (1 year: pooled RR_unadjusted 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.48; 5 years: RR_unadjusted 1.31, 95% CI 1.16-1.47). However, this difference was greatly attenuated after adjustment for age, prestroke dependency, and stroke severity (1 year: RR_adjusted 1.08, 95% CI 0.97-1.20; 5 years: RR_adjusted 1.05, 95% CI 0.94-1.18). Women also had greater participation restriction than men (pooled MD_unadjusted-5.55, 95% CI -8.47 to -2.63), but this difference was again attenuated after adjustment for the aforementioned factors (MD_adjusted-2.48, 95% CI -4.99 to 0.03). Conclusions: Worse outcomes after stroke among women were explained mostly by age, stroke severity, and prestroke dependency, suggesting these potential targets to improve the outcomes after stroke in women.]]> Fri 12 Aug 2022 13:12:50 AEST ]]>